ZONGLVSHUSHIZONGLVSHUZONGLVKECHANGLVQIAOMUZHIWU，GAOKEDA7MI；GANYUANZHUXING，YEPIANJINYUANXING，YEBINGLIANGCEJUXIYUANCHI，HUAXUCUZHUANG，CIXIONGYIZHU。HUAHUANGLVSE，LUANQIUXING；GUOSHIKUOSHENXING，YOUQI，CHENGSHUSHIYOUHUANGSEBIANWEIDANLANSE，YOUBAIFEN，ZHONGZIPEIRUJIAOZHI。HUAQI4YUE，GUOQI12YUE。ZONGLVYUANCHANZHONGGUO，RIBEN、YINDU、MIANDIANYEYOU。ZONGLVSHISHIJIESHANGZUINAIHANDEZONGLVKEZHIWUZHIYI，CHUXIZANGWAIWOGUOHUANGHEYINANDIQUJUNYOUFENBU，BEIQISHANDONG，NANDAOGUANGDONG、GUANGXIHEYUNNAN、XIDAXIZANGBIANJIE，DONGZHISHANGHAI。

ZONGLVSHUZAIYUTINGYUAN、LUBIANJIHUATANZHIZHONG，SHUSHITINGBA，YESECONGLONG，SHIYUSIJIGUANSHANG。MUCAIKEYIZHIQIJU。ZONGLVYEQIAOWEISHANZIXING，YOUZONGXIANWEI，YEKEZHISHAN、MAODENGGONGYIPIN，GENRUYAO。ZONGLVKEZHIWUYIQITEYOUDEXINGTAITEZHENGGOUCHENGLEREDAIZHIWUBUFENTEYOUDEJINGGUAN。

ZONGSHUSHIZONGLVDETONGCHENG，GAOKEDA15MI,GANJINGDA24cm，XIFENZHI。YECUSHUYUDING，JINYUANXING，JING50-70cm，ZHANGZHUANGLIESHENDAZHONGXIABU；YEBINGZHANG40-100cm，LIANGCEXICHIMINGXIAN。CIXIONGYIZHU，YUANZHUIZHUANGFOYANHUAXUYESHENG，HUAXIAOERHUANGSE。HEGUOSHENZHUANGQIUXING，JINGYUE1cm，LANHESE，BEIBAIFEN。HUAQI4-5YUE，10-11YUEGUOSHU。

一、形态特征

QIAOMUZHUANG，GAO3-10MIHUOGENGGAO，SHUGANYUANZHUXING，BEIBUYITUOLUODELAOYEBINGJIBUHEMIJIDEWANGZHUANGXIANWEI，CHUFEIRENGONGBOCHU，FOUZEBUNENGZIXINGTUOLUO，LUOLUSHUGANZHIJING10-15LIMISHENZHIGENGCU。YEPIANCHENG3/4YUANXINGHUOZHEJINYUANXING，SHENLIECHENG30-50PIANJUZHOUZHEDEXIANZHUANGJIANXING，KUANYUE2.5-4LIMI，ZHANG60-70LIMIDELIEPIAN，LIEPIANXIANDUANJUDUAN2LIEHUO2CHI，YINGTINGSHENZHIDINGDUANXIACHUI；YEBINGZHANG75-80LIMIHUOSHENZHIGENGZHANG，LIANGCEJUXIYUANCHI，DINGDUANYOUMINGXIANDEJITU。HUAXUCUZHUANG，DUOCIFENZHI，CONGYEYECHOUCHU，TONGCHANGSHICIXIONGYIZHU。XIONGHUAXUZHANGYUE40LIMI，JUYOU2-3GEFENZHIHUAXU，XIABUDEFENZHIHUAXUZHANG15-17LIMI，YIBANZHIERHUIFENZHI；XIONGHUAWUGENG，MEI2-3DUOMIJIZHESHENGYUXIAOSUIZHOUSHANG，YEYOUDANSHENGDE；HUANGLVSE，LUANQIUXING，DUNSANLENG；HUAE3PIAN，LUANZHUANGJIJIAN，JIFENLI，HUAGUANYUE2BEIZHANGYUHUAE，HUABANKUOLUANXING，XIONGRUI6MEI，HUAYAOLUANZHUANGJIANTOUXING；CIHUAXUZHANG80-90LIMI，HUAXUGENGZHANGYUE40LIMI，QISHANGYOU3GEFOYANBAOBAOZHE，JU4-5GEYUANZHUIZHUANGDEFENZHIHUAXU，XIABUDEFENZHIHUAXUZHANGYUE35LIMI，2-3HUIFENZHI；CIHUADANLVSE，TONGCHANG2-3DUOJUSHENG；HUAWUGENG，QIUXING，ZHESHENGYUDUANLIUTUSHANG，EPIANKUOLUANXING，3LIE，JIBUHESHENG，HUABANLUANZHUANGJINYUANXING，ZHANGYUEPIAN1/3，TUIHUAXIONGRUI6MEI，XINPIBEIYINSEMAO。GUOSHIKUOSHENXING，YOUQI，KUAN11-12HAOMI，GAO7-9HAOMI，CHENGSHUSHIYOUHUANGSEBIANWEIDANLANSE，YOUBAIFEN，ZHUTOUCANLIUZAICEMIANFUJIN。ZHONGZIPEIRUJUNYUN，JIAOZHI，PEICESHENG。HUAQI4YUE，GUOQI12YUE。

ER、SHENGZHANGHUANJING

ZONGLVSHUTONGCHANGJINJIANZAIPEIYUSIPANG，HANJIANYESHENGYUSHULINZHONG，HAIBASHANGXIAN2000MIZUOYOU；ZAIZHANGJIANGYIBEISUIKEZAIPEI，DANDONGJIJINGXUGUOCAOFANGHAN。CHUIZHIFENBUZAIHAIBA300-1500MI，XINANDIQUKEDA2700MI。ZONGLVXINGXIWENNUANSHIRUNDEQIHOU，JINAIHAN，JIAONAIYIN，CHENGPINJINAIHAN，WEIBUNENGDISHOUTAIDADERIYEWENCHA。ZONGLVSHIGUONEIFENBUZUIGUANG，FENBUWEIDUZUIGAODEZONGLVKEZHONGLEI。XIWENNUANSHIRUNQIHOU，XIGUANG。NAIHANXINGJIQIANG，SHAONAIYIN。SHISHENGYUPAISHUILIANGHAO、SHIRUNFEIWODEZHONGXING、SHIHUIXINGHUOWEISUANXINGTURANG，NAIQINGYANJIAN，YENAIYIDINGDEGANHANYUSHUISHI。KANGDAQIWURANNENGLIQIANG。YIFENGDAO，SHENGZHANGMAN。

ZONGLVSHUSHIGUONEIFENBUZUIGUANG，FENBUWEIDUZUIGAODEZONGLVKEZHONGLEI。XIWENNUANSHIRUNQIHOU，XIGUANG。NAIHANXINGJIQIANG，SHAONAIYIN。SHISHENGYUPAISHUILIANGHAO、SHIRUNFEIWODEZHONGXING、SHIHUIXINGHUOWEISUANXINGTURANG，NAIQINGYANJIAN，YENAIYIDINGDEGANHANYUSHUISHI，DANZAIGANZAOSHATUJIDIWASHUISHICHUSHENGZHANGJIAOCHA。DUIYANCHEN、ERYANGHUALIU、FUHUAQINGDENGYOUDUQITIDEKANGXINGJIAOQIANG。YIFENGDAO，SHENGZHANGMAN【ZONGSHUYUANLINYONGTU】ZONGLVSHUZAIYUTINGYUAN、LUBIANJIHUATANZHIZHONG，SHUSHITINGBA，YESECONGLONG，SHIYUSIJIGUANSHANG。MUCAIKEYIZHIQIJU。ZONGLVYEQIAOWEISHANZIXING，YOUZONGXIANWEI，YEKEZHISHAN、MAODENGGONGYIPIN，GENRUYAO。DANZIYEZHIWUZHONGDEZONGLVKEZHIWUYIQITEYOUDEXINGTAITEZHENGGOUCHENGLEREDAIZHIWUBUFENTEYOUDEJINGGUAN。

BENZHONGZAINANFANGGEDIGUANGFANZAIPEI，ZHUYAOBOQUQIZONGPIXIANWEI（YEQIAOXIANWEI），ZUOSHENGSUO，BIANSUOYI、ZONGBENG、DIZHAN，ZHISHUAZIHEZUOSHAFADETIANCHONGLIAODENG；NENYEJINGPIAOBAIKEZHISHANHECAOMAO；WEIKAIFANGDEHUABAOYOUCHENG“ZONGYU”，KEGONGSHIYONG；ZONGPIJIYEBING（ZONGBAN）DUANTANRUYAOYOUZHIXUEZUOYONG，GUOSHI、YE、HUA、GENDENGYIRUYAO；CIWAI，ZONGLVSHUXINGYOUMEI，YESHITINGYUANLVHUADEYOULIANGSHUZHONG。

三、繁殖方法

ZONGLVSHUWEIBOZHONGFANZHI，ZAIYUANCHANDIKEZIBOFANYAN。10-11YUEGUOSHUHOU，LIANGUOSUIJIANXIA，YINGANHOUTUOLI，YISUICAISUIBOZUIHAO，HUOCAIHOUZHIYUTONGFENGCHUYINGAN，HUOXINGSHAZANG，ZHICINIAN3~4YUEBOZHONG，FAYALV80%~90%。BOZHONGMIAO2NIANHOUHUANCHUANGYIZAI，YISHIJIANCHUYEPIAN1/2~1/3QIANZAI，YIMIANLANXINJIZHENGFA，BAOZHENGCHENGHUO。CHUNBOYIZAO，BOQIANYONG60-70℃WENSHUIJINYIZHOUYECUIYA，XINGTIAOBO，BOZHONGLIANG750-1000QIANKE/GONGQING，ZHONGZIFAYAJIAOMAN，PENTUSHENHOU，BAOSHUIXIAOGUOHAO，LIYUFAYA，YOUMIAOSHENGZHANGHUANMAN，ZHIBIYINCHUYANGHUHUOSHIDANGZHEGUANG。PENBOZHUJU3LIMI，FUGAIZHONGTUHOU3LIMI，MEIGE2-3TIANJIAO1CISHUI；SHANGKOULINGYIHUAPENBANYANZHUANG，YUE40TIANKEFAYA，ERHOUCHUQUKOUPEN，MIAOQIJISHICHUCAO、SONGTU，JIAQIANGFEISHUIGUANLI。ZONGLVCHUQISHENGZHANGHUANMAN，DANGNIANMIAOGAOJIN3LIMI，YINIANLIUCHUANG，DISANNIANFENZAIPEIDA，YONGYULVHUADEZHISHAOYAO7NIANYISHANG。ZAIPEIGUANLIZONGLVZAIWOGUOZHANGJIANGYINANDECHENGSHIZHONGDUOZUOTINGYUANLVHUADIZAI，TASHIYINGXINGQIANG，ZHIYAOBUDIWAJISHUI，BINGYOU1MISHENDETUCENGDOUKEZAIZHONG，YISHIRUNFEIWODEZHONGXINGHUOWEISUANXINGTURANGWEIHAO。BUYAOZAIZAIFENGKOUCHU，FOUZEYEPIANHUIZHILIPOSUI。QIMIAOSHIDUOLIUXUGEN，XIAOMIAOKEYILUOGEN，DAMIAOXUDAITUQIU，ZAIZHONGBUYIGUOSHEN，FOUZEYIYINQILANXIN。DAMIAOYIZAISHIYINGJIANCHUQIYEPIAN1/2，YIJIANSHAOSHUIFENZHENGFA，TIGAOCHENGHUOLV。XINYEFASHENG，RULAOYEXIACHUISHI，YINGJISHIJIANQU，QITAGUANLIJUNJIAOCUFANG。

SI、ZAIZHIJISHU

ZAIPEITURANGYAOQIUPAISHUILIANGHAO、FEIWO。ZONGLVGENXIJIAOQIAN，WUZHUGEN，ZHONGSHIBUYIGUOSHEN，ZAIHOUXUEMIANYAOBAOCHIPANZIZHUANG。ZONGLVYOUNIANJIEDUANSHENGZHANGSHIFENHUANMAN，QIEYAOQIUSHIDANGDEYINBI。QIJINGZHANGCHUTURANGBIAOMIANYUEXU3-5NIAN，XINGCHENGZHANGZHUANGYOUZHOUZHEDEZHENGCHANGYEPIANYAO3-4NIAN，TOUCHANSHIJIANYAOZAI8NIANYISHANG，ERCISHILVSHUGAODUJIN1.3-1.5MIZHEIYANGHUANMANDESHENGZHANGGUOCHENG，ZAILUOLUDIWUYINBIDETIAOJIANXIAYOUWEIMINGXIAN。TONGYITURANGHEPINZHONG，ZAIWEIQUANGUANGZHAO1/4-1/5DEGUANGQIANGXIABI1/2DEGUANGQIANGSHENGZHANGWANGSHENG。TOUCHANQIAN，NIANSHENGZHANGGUOCHENGDETEDIANBIAOXIANWEISHENGZHANGQI，SHENGZHANGLIANGXIAO，SUSHENGQIBUGOUMINGXIAN。ZAIYOUNIANJIEDUAN，ZONGLVDEZHEIYITEXINGZAIPINZHONGZHIJIANJIBENSHANGSHIYIZHIDE。WEILEJIAKUAIZONGLVDESHENGZHANG，ZAIZHENGGEYOUNIANJIEDUANXUYAOJINXINGJIAOZHANGDECHIXUGUANLI。TEBIESHIDANGNIANXINYESHENGZHANGDE5-9YUE，YOUYUZONGLVGAO、JINGSHENGZHANGJIHUSHITONGQIJINXING，CHUQISHENGZHANGZHUYAOYIKAOQIANQIJILEIDEGUANGHECHANWUDEGONGJI。

ZUOMIAOPUDEDIYINGXUANZEKAOJINSHUIYUAN、BUYISHOUHANSHOULAO、JIAOFEIWODESHARANGTUHUOZHANRANGTU。YIBANMEI7PINGFANGMISHIFUSHUDERENFENNIAO8-10DAN、GUOLINSUANGAI20QIANKE，GENGFANHOU，ZUOCHENGKUAN1.4MIDEQI，ZHENGSUIQIMIANTUKUAI，JIKEBOZHONG。BOQIANYAOJIANGZHONGZIFANGZAICAOMUHUISHUIZHONGJINPAO48-64XIAOSHI，CAQUGUOPIHEZHONGZIWAIDELAZHI，XIJINGBOZHONG。YOUYUZONGSHUZHONGZIDEFAYALVYIBANZHIYOU40%ZUOYOU，GUYAOBOZUZHONGZI，MEI667PINGFANGMIBOZHONG50-60QIANKE。TIAOBO，TIAOJU20-25LIMI。BOHOUYONGHUIFENHEXISUIFEIWODETUZAFENHUNHEHOUGAIZHONG，BUKEFUGAIGUOHOU，YI2-2.5LIMIWEIDU。RANHOUSHANGGAIYICENGDAO（MAI）CAO，YIFANGTURANGGANZAOBANJIE。

XUANZETURANGCHAOSHIFEIWO、PAISHUILIANGHAODESHANJIAOPODI，YOUYITIANTOU、DIBIAN、ZHAIPANG、XIAN、LUBIANDENGKONGXIANDIWEIJIA。DIWADI、ZHONGZHANTU、SIHUANGNI、GUOSUANGUOJIAN、TUCENGQIANDEDIJUNBUYIZAIZHI。CHENGPIANZAIZHIDE，YAOZAIYIZAIQIANYINIANDE7、8YUEJIAN，JIANGDIMIANZACAOGUANCONGQUANBUKANDAO，SHENWATU30LIMIZUOYOU，BAZACAOGUANCONGMAIRUTUZHONG；DAIYIZAISHI，DASUITUKUAI，JIANCHUSHIKUAI、SHUGENDENG，WAXUEZAOLIN.XUESHENJIZHANGKUANGE30LIMI，XINGZHUJU17MIYOU1.3MI，MEI667PINGFANGMIYUEZAI30ZHU。LINGSANZAIZHIDE，YAO20.QUANZI，ZAIYIZAICHUZHENGDIWAXUE，XUESHEN30-35LIMI，XUEZHANGKUANGE40LIMI，ZHUJU2MI，ZUOXINGDAOSHUDEZHUJUYAOZAI3MIYISHANG。YOUYUZONGMIAOWUZHUGEN，XUGENQUNXIANGSIFANGSHENZHAN，GUYINGZAIXUEDIZHONGYANGPUDIANYIXIETU，RANGQIGAOYUSIZHOU.ZAIZHISHI，MIAOJINGLIYUZHONGJIANGAOCHU，XUGENQINGXIESHENXIANGSIZHOUDICHU，RANHOUTIANTUCAISHI。ZHUYIBUYIZAIZHIGUOSHEN，YANFANGBAMIAOXINMAIRUTUZHONG.XUESHENMIAOXIAODE，KEZAIXUEDITIANXIEFUSHUDETUZAFENHUOFEITU.YIZAIHOU，MEI2-3NIANSHIFEIYICI，SHIYONGHUOFEN、LAJI、TUZAFENDENG。HAIYAOZHUYIPAISHUIFANGZHAI，YIFANGYINQILANGENSIWANG.BINGYINGZHUYIJISHIQINGCHUSHUGANSHANGDETAIXUAN、DIYI、XIMANDENG。

五、病虫防治

1、BINGHAIDUOCONGYEBINGJIBUKAISHIFASHENG，SHOUXIANCHANSHENGHUANGHESEBINGBAN，BINGYANYEBINGXIANGSHANGKUOZHANDAOYEPIAN， BINGYEZHUJIANDIAOWEIKUSI。BINGBANYANJISHUGANCHANSHENGZIHESEBINGBAN，DAOZHIWEIGUANSHUBIANSEHUAISI，SHUGANFULAN；YEPIANKUWEI，ZHIZHUQUYUSIWANG。RUOZAIZONGLVGANSHAOBUWEI，QIYOUNENZUZHIFULAN，ZEGENGWEIYANZHONG。ZAIKUSIDEYEBINGJIBUHELANYESHANG，CHANGJIANDAOXUDUOBAISEJUNSITI。DANGDISHANGBUFENKUSIHOU，DIXIAGENXIYEHENKUAISUIZHIFULAN，QUANBUKUSI。BINGYUANWEINIQINGMEIJUN。

FANGZHICUOSHI：JISHIQINGCHUFUSIZHUHEZHONGBINGZHU，YIJIANSHAOQINRANYUAN。SHISHI、SHILIANGBOZONG，BUKEQIUJIBOZONGTAIWAN，CHUNJIBOZONGTAIZAOHUOBOZONGGUODUO。CHUNJI，YIBANYIQINGMINGQIANHOUBOZONGWEIYI。KEYONG50%DUOJUNLING500BEIYEPENWU，HUOGUACHUBINGBANHOUTUYAO，JUNYOUYIDINGFANGZHIXIAOGUO。PENYAOSHIJIAN，CONG3YUEXIAXUNHUO4YUESHANGXUNKAISHI，MEI10-15TIANYICI，LIANXUPEN3CI。

2、QIHOUXINGBINGHAI：ZHUYAOCHUXIANZAIXIYUANSHANDI，ZHEISHIYOUYUHUAQIDEDIWENHEYINYUSHIHUAXULEIBUNENGZHANGCHUBAOPIANZHIBINGERYINQIDEFULAN。ZHUYAOYINGXIANGZONGPIANSEZE，XINGCHENGSUOWEI“HUAQIAOZONG”。

3、CHONGHAIZHUYAOYOUTIANNIU、JIEQIAOCHONGDENG，FANGZHIFANGFAYUYIBANSHUZHONGXIANGTONG。

4、DONGWUXINGWEIHAI：YISHILAIZISHANSHUHETIANSHUKENCHIZONGXINHEZONGZI；ERSHILAIZICHICHONGDEZHUOMUNIAO，YINQIYAOZHUOKAISHUPISHICHONG，GUSHUGANCHANGYOUKONGDONG，JINGYUSHUIQINRU，SHISHUGANFUXIUERKUDAO。